Mascarene Paradise Flycatcher

Terpsiphone bourbonnensis - Tchitrec des Mascareignes

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
Systematics
  • Order 
    :

    Passeriformes

  • Family
    :

    Monarchidés

  • Genus
    :

    Terpsiphone

  • Species
    :

    bourbonnensis

Descriptor

Müller, PLS, 1776

Biometrics
  • Size
    : 20 cm
  • Wingspan
    : -
  • Weight
    : 16 à 18 g
Geographic range

Distribution

Identification

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♂ adult plum. breeding
Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♀ adult plum. breeding

The Mascarene Paradise Flycatcher is a beautiful forest bird whose plumage combines red on the upper side and light grey on the underside. The male alone sports a dark blue hood, with a light blue eye-ring contrasting with a black iris. The tail is long and rounded at the tip. The beak and the legs are steel blue. The female is duller than the male but has the same range of colors. The cap, earcoverts and the nape are ash-gray. A semicircular steel blue orbital is visible on the lower part of the eye. The chin, throat, chest, stomach and flanks are light grey. The lower abdomen is almost white. The wings are a bright russet with a brown edging on the border of tertiary and secondary remiges. The primaries are almost entirely brown. The tail is as red as the wings. Beak and legs are the same color as the male, steel blue. The juvenile looks like the female. As with many flycatchers, males and females have whiskers around the beak.

Subspecific information 2 subspecies

  • Terpsiphone bourbonnensis bourbonnensis (La Réunion)
  • Terpsiphone bourbonnensis desolata (Mauritius)

Foreign names

  • Tchitrec des Mascareignes,
  • Monarca de las Mascareñas,
  • papa-moscas-do-paraíso-das-mascarenhas,
  • Maskarenenparadiesschnäpper,
  • mauritiusi paradicsom-légyvadász,
  • Maskarenenparadijsmonarch,
  • Pigliamosche del paradiso delle Mascarene,
  • maskarenparadismonark,
  • Maskareneparadismonark,
  • vípkar maskarénsky,
  • lejskovec maskarénský,
  • Mascarenerparadismonark,
  • maskareenienparatiisimonarkki,
  • monarca del paradís de les Mascarenyes,
  • muchodławka maskareńska,
  • Маскаренская райская мухоловка,
  • マスカリンサンコウチョウ,
  • 毛里求斯寿带,
  • 馬斯卡拉林綬帶,

Voice song and cries

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♂ adult

The Mascarene Paradise Flycatcher sings throughout the year with a lesser intensity during winter. Its song is a cascade of melodic notes progressively getting higher. It also has a distinct alarm call of a rough zwiit.

Habitat

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♂ adult plum. breeding

Our bird lives in wet and steep primary forests up to around 2000 meters above sea level. It needs thickets, undergrowth and semi-open areas. Its presence closer to sea level has become rare due to deforestation.

Behaviour character trait

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♀ adult plum. breeding

As with many other small forest insectivores, the Mascarene Paradise Flycatcher is very active and can always be noticed with its contact call.

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♂ adult plum. breeding
Because of the vegetation's thickness, it takes a while for the walker to spot the bird, but it leaves a remarkable impression as it is quite unafraid and curious, and it gets surprisingly close to humans. Furthermore, this species is fiercely territorial. During the breeding season, it can become very aggressive towards other birds. It usually lives in pairs, more rarely in families. The Mascarene Paradise Flycatcher feeds in the lower layer of the canopy.

Flight

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♂ adult

The Mascarene Paradise Flycatcher punctuates its explorations of foliage with short flights showing wings with brown remiges. Its also an adept of aerial acrobatics when it hunts (see Régime).

Dietfeeding habits

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♀ adult plum. breeding

The feeding habits of the Mascarene Paradise Flycatcher are comparable to those of the flycatchers: strictly insectivore, it captures its prey in flight with its wide beak lined with bristles, after a brief acrobatic pursuit. Its prey are mainly mosquitoes, butterflies, dragonflies, spiders, beetles and orthopterans.

Reproduction nesting

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♂ adult plum. breeding

In the southern hemisphere spring (September), the couple builds the nest in the form of a conical cup at the low fork of a tree.

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♂ adult plum. breeding
On Mauritius, they use Chinese Guavas and Cassias. On Réunion, they prefer Phyllanthus. The nest made of fine twigs is decorated with green moss and lichen.
The male parades by standing upright like an I, beak to the sky and opened and spread tail, then by tilting the head to the side.
The female lays 2 to 3 pinkish white spotted brown eggs, rarely more. Incubation lasts 15 to 16 days and is looked after by both sexes.
The two or three nestlings are fed in the nest for fifteen days until their flight, then remain dependent on their parents until the end of the breeding season, until December.

Geographic range

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♀ adult

The Mascarene Paradise Flycatcher is endemic to the two main islands of the archipelago. Reunion Island (sub-species bourbonnensis) and Mauritius (sub-species desolata).

Threats - protection

Tchitrec des Mascareignes
♀ adult
IUCN conservation status
Extinct
Threatened
Least
concern
Extinc
in the Wild
Near
threatened
Not
evaluated
EX EW CR EN VU NT LC NE

Known as Virgin Birds on Réunion Island, this species, protected by the ministerial decree of February 17th, 1989, remains relatively abundant on this island despite deforestation (estimate of about fifty thousand individuals). Hunting, capturing or selling are completely forbidden and are considered as a crime punishable by a prison sentence and a heavy fine. On the other hand, the subspecies of Mauritius only counts two or three hundred pairs despite its protection and very few studies have been carried out on this island.
The 1990s studies showed a slight decline of the species which must be monitored.

Sources of information

Other sources of interest

QRcode Tchitrec des MascareignesSpecification sheet created on 03/08/2023 by with help of
Translation by AI Oiseaux.net
published: - Updated: 03-11-2015
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