Pied Stilt

Himantopus leucocephalus - Échasse d'Australie

Systematics
  • Order 
    :

    Charadriiformes

  • Family
    :

    Récurvirostridés

  • Genus
    :

    Himantopus

  • Species
    :

    leucocephalus

Descriptor

Gould, 1837

Biometrics
  • Size
    : 40 cm
  • Wingspan
    : -
  • Weight
    : -
Geographic range

Distribution

Identification

Échasse d'Australie
adult
Échasse d'Australie
immature

This Pied Stilt (Himantopus himantopus) is sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the White Stilt. To a European bird watcher, it is immediately distinguishable by the length and intensity of the black band extending from the back of the neck to the base of the neck where it joins a half-ring of the same color. The back and wings are black, while the underparts, the front and sides of the neck and the rest of the head are white. The long red legs and long, thin black beak are the same on both species. The undersides of the wings are black. The immatures have white necks and heads, the crown of the head and the eye area are greyish; the juveniles are very similar in appearance to the immatures, but the feathers on the back are dark brown with light tips.

Subspecific information monotypic species

Foreign names

  • Échasse d'Australie,
  • Cigüeñuela Pechirroja,
  • pernilongo-australasiático,
  • Weißgesicht-Stelzenläufer,
  • fehérfejű gólyatöcs,
  • Australische Steltkluut,
  • Cavaliere testabianca,
  • australisk styltlöpare,
  • Australstylteløper,
  • šišila bielohlavá,
  • Australsk Stylteløber,
  • szczudłak białogłowy,
  • Австралийский ходулочник,
  • Gagang-bayang belang,
  • オーストラリアセイタカシギ,
  • 澳洲长脚鹬,
  • 白頭高蹺鴴,

Voice song and cries

Échasse d'Australie
Poussin

The calls are very similar to those of the European Pied Stilt.

Habitat

This monotypic species (no subspecies) breeds from Java to New Guinea, in Australia and New Zealand (naturally colonized in the 19th century) where it sometimes hybridizes with Black Stilt (Himantopus novaezelandiae) which is one of the threats to this endangered species.

It breeds at the edge of fresh water, especially in wetlands and humid meadows. Outside of the breeding season, it can constitute significant groups in estuaries where food is abundant. In Australia, this species is closely related to the rainfall for its reproduction, and may disappear for longer or shorter periods in areas where there is no rain.

Behaviour character trait

Échasse d'Australie
adult

The species is largely sedentary. Only birds breeding in South Island of New Zealand and part of those nesting in the south of North Island undertake regular migrations northward. For the other populations, it is rather erraticism and not regular movements.

Flight

Échasse d'Australie
adult

It is identical to the Pied Stilt of Australia.

Dietfeeding habits

Échasse d'Australie
adult

The Australian Pied Stilt is a predator that feeds on all kinds of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates (worms, insect larvae, crustaceans, etc.) as well as tadpoles and small fish.

Reproduction nesting

Échasse d'Australie
adult

Mostly, the Pied Stilt breeds in small colonies. The timing varies according to latitude and altitude.

In tropical regions, it is linked to the fall of rain. In New Zealand, plain couples begin reproduction in July, those of altitude in the South Island not before September. The nest is a large bowl of dry grasses, sometimes placed on a tuft, sometimes floating. The laying is almost always 4 eggs incubated for 3 weeks to a month by both adults. The young leave the nest within 24 hours of hatching, fly between 4 and 5 weeks later but still remain with their parents for a few months.

Geographic range

Threats - protection

IUCN conservation status
Extinct
Threatened
Least
concern
Extinc
in the Wild
Near
threatened
Not
evaluated
EX EW CR EN VU NT LC NE

The Pied Stilt of Australia is not threatened. The population of Australia, Java and New Guinea is estimated at around 300,000 individuals (but can vary greatly depending on rainfall). The population of New Zealand is around 30,000 individuals.

Sources of information

Other sources of interest

QRcode Échasse d'AustralieSpecification sheet created on 01/08/2023 by
Translation by AI Oiseaux.net
published: - Updated: 24-03-2008
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